Population genetics is a branch of genetics that studies the genotype and genomic distributions in a population.
Before we start, let us define two important terms here
- Genotypic frequencies
- Allelic frequencies
Genotypic frequencies
This is how much a certain genotype occurs in the population.
For example, let us take the gene 'B' for black hair. Those with BB and Bb have black hair, those with bb have blonde hair. In a certain population, the following numbers were taken;
Homozygous dominant(BB): 234
Heterozygous(Bb): 132
Homozygous recessive(bb): 43