- Details and background of Cytogenetics and Cytogenetic changes are discussed in the Medical Genetics I course
- Types of cytogenetic changes that can occur in cancer are aneuploidy and aneusomy. They are caused by random aberrations and/or occasional abnormality due to failure of cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair systems.
- Notable mentions of translocations in certain leukaemias are listed below;
- In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia(CML), the ABL gene on chromosome 9 fuses with the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and this leads to a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. This new chromosome formed is also known as the Philadelphia Chromosome.
- In Burkitt Lymphoma, chromosome