The pancreas is an essential, endocrine and accessory digestive gland found in a central position within the abdomen.

Functions
The pancreas produces both exocrine and endocrine products:
- Pancreatic juice that enters the duodenum via a duct
- Hormones at the islets of Langerhans that enter the blood
Location
The pancreas is a secondary retroperitoneal (develops in the peritoneum and leaves it at some point — except for its tail).
The pancreas is located transversely to the L1 and L2 vertebral bodies (transpyloric plane).