Description
The orbits are bilateral bone cavities that contain and protect the eyeball and accessory visual structures.
They are located in the superior half of the face and have a characteristic quadrangular pyramidal shape.
Due to their pyramidal shape, each orbit has a roof (superiorly), four walls, and a floor (inferiorly). The lateral sides of this structure are the most exposed, while the medial walls extend farther anteriorly than the lateral.
Bones
The osseous components of the orbits are:
- Roof
- The frontal
- The sphenoid
- Floor
- The orbital surface of the maxilla
- The zygomatic
- The orbital process of the palatine
- The ethmoid
- The sphenoid
- Medial walls
- The frontal process of the maxilla
- The lacrimal
- The orbital plate of the ethmoid
- The sphenoid
- Lateral walls
- The frontal process of the zygomatic
- The greater wing of the sphenoid
- Apex
- The lesser wing of the sphenoid