The shoulder connects between the trunk and the upper arm. More specifically, it attaches the axial skeleton (consisting of the vertebral column, skull, and thoracic cage) to the arm.

Regions

The regions of the shoulder include:

  • A part of the infraclavicular region which includes the infraclavicular fossa and the clavipectoral triangle
  • A part of the axilla and pectoral region
  • The deltoid region
  • The posterior scapular region

Bones

The bony shoulder consists of:

  • The pectoral girdle (consisting of the scapula and clavicle)
  • The proximal end of the

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