The tibia and fibula are the bones of the leg, extending from the knee to the ankle.

Tibia

  • The tibia is a long bone in the lower leg, located on the anteromedial side, adjacent to the fibula. 
  • It is the second largest bone in the human body, after the femur.
  • It articulates with the knee joint proximally and the ankle joint distally. 
  • The tibia is in contact with the distal end of the femur, the fibula and the talus bone of the ankle. 
  • The tibia has an important weight-bearing role.

Proximal end of the tibia

  • The proximal end of the tibia is wider than its distal end. 
  • The wide surface area of the proximal tibia has the medial and lateral condyles, which articulate with the condyles of the femur. 
    • Collectively, the condyles are referred to as the superior articulating surface, or the tibial plateau, as they are relatively flat.
  • The condyles are separated by an intercondylar eminence, which consists of two intercondylar tubercles (the tubercles fit in the intercondylar fossa of the femur).
    • The tubercles create two regions; the anterior and posterior intercondylar areas.
    • The tubercles provide an attachment site to the menisci of the

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