Biochemical interpretation of apoptosis
Natural cell death is an ongoing process in living tissues to smoothly remove cells
- that have no function (eg, morphogenesis, duplicate structures, sexual dimorphism)
- underneath physiological conditions (bone marrow), underdevelop (lymphocytes), endometrium, turnover) or
- potentially damage (autoreactive T cells, neutrophils, granulocytes).
Programmed cell death
- is a common phenomenon during embryogenesis
- During cornification, keratinocytes die and within 1 month the str. from basal in str. migrate to the corneum.
- The str. in spinosum, they lose their water content, grow in size, flatten and unable to reproduce, keratins appear in them and form filaments.
- The str. in granulosum, they are further encapsulated with phylphagrin and converted to macrofibrils, eliminating the nucleus and mitochondria.
- the nucleus is condensed, fragmented, cytoplasm shrinks, cell fragmentation, organelles remain intact, no macromolecular efflux, inflammation, scar formation, does not require active protein