Eukaryotic genome organisation in general (definitions)

Description
  • Chromatin: DNA + HISTONE proteins
  • HISTONE PROTEINS: nucleosome formation
    • H1 – nucleosome structural fixing
      • H2A – component of nucleosome
      • H2B – component of nucleosome
      • H3    – component of nucleosome
      • H4    – component of nucleosome
  • NUCLEOSOME: Histones + DNA in a disc-unit
    • octamer structure ( 4 + 4 Histones: H2A, H2B, H3, H4 )
    • DNA wrapped around the histones
  • HISTONE remodelling and modification:
    • covalent modification of the core histones
    • helps the activation of the heterochromatin into euchromatin

Classification

  • EU-CHROMATIN:
    • the transcriptionally active form of the DNA
    • loosely

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