Multiple myeloma is a clonic proliferation of malignant plasma cells, producing excessive amounts of monoclonal antibodies (most commonly IgG).
Background
- These plasma cells are usually monoclonal and therefore produce monoclonal immunoglobulin referred to as protein M (M as in myeloma) or paraprotein.
- Levels of protein M can be measured:
- From the blood (electrophoresis)
- "M spike" is seen indicating a high level of immunoglobulins
- From the urine (in glomerular damage)
- From the blood (electrophoresis)
- 2nd-most common group of hematological malignancy.
Multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma is a clonic proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. The cells are producing monoclonal antibodies, typically of IgG type.
- Multiple = as it frequently appears as multiple patches or areas in the bone marrow; myeloma = swelling within the bone marrow.
- The malignant cells are mature plasma cells that went through