Translation is the second step of gene expression following transcription in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum) synthesize proteins.
The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA determines the amino acid sequence of the protein that would be made. The region of the mRNA that can transcribe for a functional protein is known as the Open Reading Frame.
The mRNA is made up of codons which are sets of 3 nucleotides that code for a particular amino acid. There are 64 codons and altogether, this is code the genetic code.
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