{"id":9310,"date":"2021-12-19T00:23:58","date_gmt":"2021-12-18T22:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/immunology\/the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases\/"},"modified":"2021-12-22T22:23:07","modified_gmt":"2021-12-22T20:23:07","slug":"the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/immunology\/the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases\/","title":{"rendered":"The role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of autoimmune diseases"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The development of autoimmunity is covered in <a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/immunology\/general-features-of-systemic-autoimmune-diseases\/\">General features of systemic autoimmune diseases<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Autoantibodies<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The common features of autoimmune diseases are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Self-reactive T-cells<\/li><li>Autoantibody synthesis<\/li><li>Sustained inflammation<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Autoantibodies are produced in a similar fashion as regular antibodies; B-cells are activated by T-helper cells in the presence of certain antigens, which then start producing the antibodies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The self-antigens are obtained after a tissue injury (such as nuclear fragments produced in apoptosis caused by UV exposure).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are a variety of self-antigens against which autoantibodies can be produced; in most cases, they are highly characteristic of certain diseases and appear with specific clinical symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The autoantibodies have a diagnostic and prognostic value, and can be used as disease markers.<\/li><li>Some antigens have direct direct pathogenic role, such as <strong>antinuclear antibodies<\/strong> (ANAs), while others don&#8217;t (antibodies seen in <strong>autoimmune hepatitis<\/strong>).<\/li><li>In many cases, the autoantibodies overlap between the diseases, and in some cases, they may be absent in spite of a confirmed diagnosis.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Examples for autoantibody groups:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Antinuclear antibodies (anti-dsDNA, anti-histone, anti-smith, anti-centromere)<\/li><li>Antimitochondrial antibodies<\/li><li>Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Specific examples for diseases and their related antibodies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SLE (ANAs)<\/li><li>Systemic sclerosis (anti-topoisomerase I, anti-centromere)<\/li><li>RA (ACPABs)<\/li><li>Celiac&#8217;s (anti-TTG)<\/li><li>Primary biliary cirrhosis (antimitochondrial)<\/li><li>Leukocytoclastic vasculitidies (pANCA, cANCA)<\/li><li>Hashimoto&#8217;s (anti-TPO)<\/li><li>Grave&#8217;s (anti-TSHR)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finding these autoantibodies is done through a serological test; these tests are not always specific, as some individuals may be positive, without any symptoms.<\/p>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Autoantibodies<\/h3><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The development of autoimmunity is covered in General features of systemic autoimmune diseases. Autoantibodies The common features of autoimmune diseases are: Self-reactive T-cells Autoantibody synthesis Sustained inflammation Autoantibodies are produced in a similar fashion as regular antibodies; B-cells are activated by T-helper cells in the presence of certain antigens, which then start producing the antibodies. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9306,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9310","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of autoimmune diseases &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/immunology\/the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/immunology\\\/the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/immunology\\\/the-role-of-autoantibodies-in-the-pathogenesis-and-diagnosis-of-autoimmune-diseases\\\/\",\"name\":\"The role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of autoimmune diseases &#8211; 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