{"id":8305,"date":"2021-11-22T18:18:26","date_gmt":"2021-11-22T16:18:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/"},"modified":"2021-11-22T18:59:27","modified_gmt":"2021-11-22T16:59:27","slug":"hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/","title":{"rendered":"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dialysis is used for the filtration of blood in case of renal failure. Its purposes are to eliminate waste, balance the electrolytes, prevent uremia, improve patients&#8217; quality of life, and prolong it.<\/p>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Indications<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Any of the following if resulting from renal insufficiency and unresponsive to other therapy:<ul><li>Fluid overload<\/li><li>Hyperkalemia<\/li><li>Hypercalcemia<\/li><li>Metabolic acidosis<\/li><li>Pericarditis<\/li><li>Uremia<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>GFR &lt;10<\/li><li>Diabetes + GFR &lt;15<\/li><li>Some toxins<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Types<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hemodialysis (HD)<\/li><li>Peritoneal dialysis (PD)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Hemodialysis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hemodialysis involves direct filtration of the blood through a series of filters (dialyzer). It can be used for both acute and chronic kidney failure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Hemodialysis can be done at a hemodialysis center (3-4x per week for 3-5 hours) or at home (5-7x per week for a shorter time).<\/li><li>To gain access to the vascular system, a venous catheter or an arteriovenous fistula\/graft (long-term) can be used.<ul><li><strong>Venous catheter<\/strong> uses a catheter inserted into a large, central vein. The procedure can be done in an outpatient clinic.<\/li><li><strong>AV fistula<\/strong> is done by attaching an artery to a vein, done under anesthesia. It takes up to half a year to heal, and the patient must exercise the hand to help the fistula mature.<\/li><li><strong>AV graft<\/strong> uses an artificial tube (graft) to attach an artery to a vein. They heal and mature faster than fistulas, but tend to have more complications and don&#8217;t last as long.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>The patient&#8217;s blood is drawn into a dialyzer which contains a filter made out of tubes or sheets of semipermeable membranes, with a fluid (dialysate) running alongside the blood.<ul><li>Blood waste products (nitrogen and creatinine) are transferred into the dialysate which is kept at a negative pressure and high osmolality to prevent its filtration into the bloodstream.<\/li><li>Throughout the entire time, the tubes are pumped with saline and heparin to prevent coagulation.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Hemodialysis techniques include:<ul><li>Intermittent hemodialysis (rapid; should only be used in hemodynamically stable patients)<\/li><li>Slow low-efficiency daily dialysis (an &#8220;in-between&#8221;)<\/li><li>Continuous renal replacement therapy (in critically ill patients, usually AKI, slow 24\/7 replacement)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Complications of hemodialysis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Immediate adverse effects include thrombosis, hemorrhage, infection.<\/li><li>Hypotension is a common adverse effect, together with restless leg syndrome, and hemodialysis-related amyloidosis (in long-term treatment).<\/li><li>Contraindications include impaired hemodynamic status.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indications<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hemodialysis<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Complications of hemodialysis<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dialysis is used for the filtration of blood in case of renal failure. Its purposes are to eliminate waste, balance the electrolytes, prevent uremia, improve patients&#8217; quality of life, and prolong it. Indications Any of the following if resulting from renal insufficiency and unresponsive to other therapy: Fluid overload Hyperkalemia Hypercalcemia Metabolic acidosis Pericarditis Uremia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":685,"menu_order":15,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8305","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications &#8211; Meddists\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-22T16:18:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-11-22T16:59:27+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Clinical\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Internal medicine\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Nephrology\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/\",\"name\":\"Meddists\",\"description\":\"Let&#039;s Get Studying\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications &#8211; Meddists","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/","url":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/","name":"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications &#8211; Meddists","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-11-22T16:18:26+00:00","dateModified":"2021-11-22T16:59:27+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/hemodialysis-options-techniques-complications\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Clinical","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Internal medicine","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Nephrology","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Hemodialysis options, techniques, complications"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/","name":"Meddists","description":"Let&#039;s Get Studying","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8305"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8316,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8305\/revisions\/8316"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}