{"id":7846,"date":"2021-10-26T20:53:06","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T18:53:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/nephrology\/renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease\/"},"modified":"2022-01-04T18:33:20","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T16:33:20","slug":"renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Renal disorders in hypertension, treatment of hypertension and usage of diuretics in renal disease"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hypertension, together with diabetes mellitus, are the main contributors to renal disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-612e8e3f-ef31-448d-ae37-0a5f4612051d\"><li>HTN is the second-most common cause of renal disease.<\/li><li>Increasing hypertension severity correlates with a higher risk for renal disease.<\/li><li>The manifestation of hypertensive kidney disease are gradual, with symptoms usually appearing in the late stages of the disease.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Renal disease due to hypertension is known as <strong>hypertensive arteriolar nephrosclerosis<\/strong> (or simply <strong>nephrosclerosis<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Hypertension<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-ffc0b334-7163-4f22-9c82-ea1c6b923bb8\"><li>Hypertension is defined as persistant systolic BP>130.<\/li><li>Most cases of HTN are cosidered as primary (idiopathic\/essential).<\/li><li>The main drivers of primary HTN include impaired sodium handling, dysregulation of the sympathetic and RAAS systems, endothelial dysfunction, and pathological arterial stiffness.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Nephrosclerosis<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nephrosclerosis is the sclerosis (hardening) of small renal arteries and arterioles, caused by hypertension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The vessels become damaged (hyaline arteriolosclerosis), ischemia develops damaging the glomeruli, tubules, and interstitium of the kidney.<\/li><li>Nephrosclerosis is only one of the manifestations of hypertension. Examples for extrarenal manifestations:<ul><li>Cardiovascular (CHF, CAD)<\/li><li>Cerebral (hemorrhage, stroke)<\/li><li>Retinopathy<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Presents with symptoms and signs of CKD (nausea, vomiting, metallic taste), but rarely leads to acute kidney failure.  <\/li><li>Contributing factors include diabetes, old age, and African origin.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Classification<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nephrosclerosis is classified into <strong>chronic <\/strong>(or <strong>benign<\/strong>) <strong>nephrosclerosis<\/strong> (often known as simply nephrosclerosis), and <strong>malignant nephrosclerosis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Chronic nephrosclerosis<\/strong> is a progressive condition resulting from long-lasting hypertension.<\/li><li><strong>Malignant nephrosclerosis<\/strong> is a renal manifestation of hypertensive emergency, developing rapidly due to severe hypertension (>180\/120BP) with end-organ damage.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Diagnosis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Blood pressure measurements<\/li><li>Urinalysis<\/li><li>Blood panels<\/li><li>Ultrasound<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Treatment<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In chronic nephrosclerosis, treat according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/cardiology\/treatment-of-hypertension\/\">NICE pathway for hypertension<\/a>.<\/li><li>In malignant nephrosclerosis, treat as in <a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/cardiology\/hypertensive-emergencies-and-urgencies\/\">hypertensive emergency<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hypertension<\/h3><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nephrosclerosis<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Classification<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagnosis<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Treatment<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hypertension, together with diabetes mellitus, are the main contributors to renal disease. HTN is the second-most common cause of renal disease. Increasing hypertension severity correlates with a higher risk for renal disease. The manifestation of hypertensive kidney disease are gradual, with symptoms usually appearing in the late stages of the disease. Renal disease due to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":685,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7846","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Renal disorders in hypertension, treatment of hypertension and usage of diuretics in renal disease &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/nephrology\/renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/nephrology\\\/renal-disorders-in-hypertension-treatment-of-hypertension-and-usage-of-diuretics-in-renal-disease\\\/\",\"name\":\"Renal disorders in hypertension, treatment of hypertension and usage of diuretics in renal disease &#8211; 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