{"id":6621,"date":"2021-09-13T21:03:26","date_gmt":"2021-09-13T19:03:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/pathology\/respiratory-system\/copd\/"},"modified":"2021-09-13T21:04:28","modified_gmt":"2021-09-13T19:04:28","slug":"copd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/pathology\/respiratory-system\/copd\/","title":{"rendered":"COPD"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Definition<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A group of diseases characterized by limited airflow to the lungs.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">General mechanism<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Partial or complete obstruction of the respiratory tract at any level, causing increased resistance to airflow.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Characteristics<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Decreased FEV1\/FVC ratio (Tiffeneau-Pinelli index)<ul><li>FEV1 = Forced expiratory volume at 1 second, the volume exhaled during the&nbsp;first second of forced expiration<\/li><li>FVC = Forced vital capacity, the total volume exhaled during forced expiration<\/li><li>In COPD, FEV1 is significantly decreased, while FVC remains relatively normal<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Diseases<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each of the diseases is discussed separately, in their own lesson:<\/p>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/course\/pathology\/lessons\/empysema\/\">Emphysema<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chronic bronchitisAsthmaBronchiectasis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The diseases have their own characteristics, but they often overlap.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Epidemiology<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COPD affects more than 10% of the U.S. adult population and is the fourth leading cause of death in this country.<\/p>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Definition<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">General mechanism<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Characteristics<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diseases<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Epidemiology<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Definition A group of diseases characterized by limited airflow to the lungs. General mechanism Partial or complete obstruction of the respiratory tract at any level, causing increased resistance to airflow. Characteristics Decreased FEV1\/FVC ratio (Tiffeneau-Pinelli index) FEV1 = Forced expiratory volume at 1 second, the volume exhaled during the&nbsp;first second of forced expiration FVC = [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6615,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6621","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>COPD &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/pathology\/respiratory-system\/copd\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/pathology\\\/respiratory-system\\\/copd\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/pathology\\\/respiratory-system\\\/copd\\\/\",\"name\":\"COPD &#8211; 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