{"id":6232,"date":"2021-08-24T19:10:05","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T17:10:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/head-and-neck\/head\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/"},"modified":"2024-04-22T21:53:45","modified_gmt":"2024-04-22T19:53:45","slug":"temporal-bone","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/","title":{"rendered":"Temporal bone"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"intro\">The temporal bone is the principal contributor to the lower surface of the lateral wall and base of the cranium.<\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Temporal bone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"963\" height=\"979\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7748\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png 963w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-295x300.png 295w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-768x781.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 963px) 100vw, 963px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Figure 1. Temporal bone.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Description<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The temporal bone is a paired bone found bilaterally in the lower surface of the cranium. It contains many irregular bony projections and houses the inner and middle ear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is a rather complex bone divided into <strong>4 parts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Squamous part (temporal squama)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Petrous part (petrous pyramid)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mastoid part<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tympanic part<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The division and arrangement of the parts of the temporal bone may vary between different authors. The petrous and mastoid portions are actually continuous (together they are known as the <strong>petromastoid part<\/strong>), but they are often divided into separate parts for convenience.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-1.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Temporal bone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-1-300x215.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7755\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-1-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-1-768x551.png 768w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone-1.png 774w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Figure 2. Temporal bone (external view).<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Squamous part<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The squamous part (also known as the temporal squama) is the largest, flat portion of the tympanic bone, formed by anterior and superior parts of the temporal bone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Contributes to the lateral wall of the cranium.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contains the <strong>zygomatic process<\/strong>, which is a bony projection that articulates with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It articulates with the greater wing of the sphenoid bone anteriorly (<strong>sphenosquamous suture<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It articulates superiorly with the parietal bone (<strong>sphenosquamous suture<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It contains the <strong>mandibular fossa<\/strong> which articulates with the head of the mandible along with the <strong>articular tubercle<\/strong>, two important components of the <strong>temporomandibular joint<\/strong> (TMJ).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Petrous part<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The petrous part (from the Latin word <em>petrosus <\/em>which means &#8220;hard as a stone&#8221;, as it is one of the densest bones in the body) is a pyramid-shaped section of the temporal bone housing the middle and inner ear and forming the posterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The petrous part (often referred to as simply &#8220;the pyramid&#8221;) is the most complex part, having:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An <strong>apex<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3 surfaces<\/strong> (anterior, posterior, and inferior surfaces)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3 margins <\/strong>(anterior, posterior, and superior margin)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>And transmitting <strong>4 canals<\/strong> (carotid, auditory, facial, and musculotubal canals; discussed below)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Apex<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The apex of the petrous part features the internal opening of the <strong>carotid canal<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>carotid canal<\/strong> is found within the petrous part of the temporal bone and is arguably the most important structure in the skull, as it contains the internal carotid artery (and its surrounding sympathetic plexus) which supplies the majority of the blood supply to the brain. The canal itself has a sharp turn within the temporal bone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The apex articulates with the sphenoid bone anteriorly and the basilar part of the occipital bone laterally, and in-between them we can find the <strong>foramen lacerum<\/strong> (that in living individuals is covered by a fibrous membrane, and therefore is not a real foramen), containing the greater and lesser petrosal nerves.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Anterior surface<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The anterior surface of the petrous part features the following structures:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>trigeminal impression<\/strong> (the place for the sensory ganglion of the trigeminal nerve [CN V]) is located in the anterior segment of the petrous part.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lateral to the trigeminal impression is the <strong>groove and hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve<\/strong>, and anterolateral to it is the <strong>groove and hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inferolateral to the openings for the greater and lesser petrosal nerves, the<strong> arcuate eminence<\/strong>, an elevation caused by the underlying anterior semicircular canal of the inner ear can be found.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>tegmen tympani<\/strong> (bony roof of the middle ear cavity) is located anterolateral to the arcuate eminence.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, the anterior surface articulates with the occipital bone medially, with the <strong>jugular foramen<\/strong> found in-between, containing the internal jugular vein, and three cranial nerves (CN IX, X, XI).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_6\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Posterior surface<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_6\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The posterior surface of the petrous part features the <strong>internal acoustic opening<\/strong>. It is an oval foramen that leads to the <strong>internal acoustic meatus<\/strong> (or auditory canal) which is the canal through which the facial (CN VII) and vestibulocochlear (CN VIII) nerves, and the labyrinthine artery pass through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The facial nerve continues into the <strong>facial canal<\/strong> (discussed below).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_7\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Inferior surface<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_7\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The inferior surface of the petrous part features the following structures:  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Styloid process<\/strong> (Latin for &#8220;pillar-like&#8221;). A pointy projection of the petrous part visible from the outside, located medial to the mastoid process. Serves as an attachment point for several muscles associated with the tongue and larynx.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stylomastoid foramen<\/strong> is found between the styloid and mastoid processes, serving as the external opening of the <strong>facial canal<\/strong>, and transmitting the facial nerve.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jugular fossa<\/strong>. An impression formed by the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Petrosal fossula<\/strong>. An impression formed by the otic ganglion found between the jugular fossa and carotid canal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_8\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Facial canal<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_8\">\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The facial canal (also known as the fallopian canal) is a Z-shaped canal found in the petrous part of the temporal bone and transmits the facial nerve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It starts from the internal acoustic opening, passing through the petrous part, and terminating at the stylomastoid foramen, found at the inferior surface of the petrous part.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The canal is divided into 3 segments, based on the division of the facial nerve. It is highly important to know its course! (see Figure 3.)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Labyrinthine<\/strong> <strong>segment<\/strong> (LS). Anterior direction (horizontally, perpendicular to the axis of the pyramidal bone).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tympanic segment<\/strong> (TS). Medial direction (horizontally, parallel to the axis of the pyramidal bone).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mastoid segment<\/strong> (MS). Inferior direction (vertically).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The facial canal bends twice to form two &#8220;knees&#8221; (genu):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first one is between the labyrinthine and tympanic segments, where the <strong>geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve <\/strong>is located.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The second one is between the tympanic and mastoid segments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is the longest bony canal for a nerve in the human body, measuring about 3cm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Temporal bone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal-300x130.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7771\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal-300x130.png 300w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal-1024x443.png 1024w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal-768x332.png 768w, https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/facial-canal.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Figure 3. The course of the facial canal<\/strong>. (Note that the &#8220;cubes&#8221; are just to help with orientation and do not represent any particular structure)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Musculotubal&nbsp;canal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Musculotubal canal <\/strong>consists of 2 semi-canals, housing the tensor tympani muscle in the superior semi-canal, and the auditory tube (other names: tympanic tube, pharyngotympanic tube, Eustachian tube) in the inferior semi-canal.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_9\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Mastoid part<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_9\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mastoid part is the most posterior segment of the temporal bone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It articulates superiorly with the parietal bone at the <strong>parietomastoid suture<\/strong>, and posteriorly with the occipital bone at the <strong>occipitomastoid suture<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>mastoid process<\/strong> is a large prominence in this section that serves as a point of attachment for several muscles. It extends from the inferior edge of the mastoid part of the temporal bone.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It contains several small cavities known as the <strong>mastoid air cells<\/strong>, similar to those found within the ethmoid bone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The air cells communicate with the middle ear through the <strong>mastoid antrum<\/strong> and the <strong>aditus ad antrum<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>mastoid foramen <\/strong>is an opening found posterior to the mastoid process. It transmits the mastoid branch of the occipital artery to the dura and an emissary vein to the sigmoid sinus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Tympanic part<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_10\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The tympanic part of the temporal bone is the smallest, and it features the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>external acoustic opening<\/strong> which leads to the <strong>external acoustic meatus<\/strong> (also known as the outer ear).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>petrotympanic fissure<\/strong> (also known as the squamotympanic or glaserian fissure), a gap that spans between the TMJ and the tympanic cavity. \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It transmits branches of the facial and (CN VII) and glossopharyngeal (CN IX) to the infratemporal fossa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Description<\/h3><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Squamous part<\/h3><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Petrous part<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apex<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Anterior surface<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Posterior surface<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inferior surface<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Facial canal<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mastoid part<\/h3><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tympanic part<\/h3><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Description The temporal bone is a paired bone found bilaterally in the lower surface of the cranium. It contains many irregular bony projections and houses the inner and middle ear. It is a rather complex bone divided into 4 parts: The division and arrangement of the parts of the temporal bone may vary between different [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4468,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6232","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Temporal bone &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/\",\"name\":\"Temporal bone &#8211; Meddists\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/temporal-bone.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-24T17:10:05+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-04-22T19:53:45+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/temporal-bone.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/10\\\/temporal-bone.png\",\"width\":963,\"height\":979},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/temporal-bone\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pre-clinical\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Anatomy\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Skull, head, and neck\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Skull\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":6,\"name\":\"Neurocranium\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/skull-head-and-neck\\\/skull\\\/neurocranium\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":7,\"name\":\"Temporal bone\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/\",\"name\":\"Meddists\",\"description\":\"Let&#039;s Get Studying\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Temporal bone &#8211; Meddists","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/","url":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/","name":"Temporal bone &#8211; Meddists","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png","datePublished":"2021-08-24T17:10:05+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-22T19:53:45+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/temporal-bone.png","width":963,"height":979},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/temporal-bone\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Pre-clinical","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Anatomy","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Skull, head, and neck","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Skull","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"name":"Neurocranium","item":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/skull-head-and-neck\/skull\/neurocranium\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":7,"name":"Temporal bone"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/","name":"Meddists","description":"Let&#039;s Get Studying","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6232"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11126,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6232\/revisions\/11126"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}