{"id":5436,"date":"2021-05-17T13:50:59","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T11:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/hematology\/investigations\/bone-marrow-sampling\/"},"modified":"2021-05-17T15:13:43","modified_gmt":"2021-05-17T13:13:43","slug":"bone-marrow-sampling","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/hematology\/investigations\/bone-marrow-sampling\/","title":{"rendered":"Bone marrow sampling"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Procedure<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The sampling can be through <strong>aspiration<\/strong> (using a thin needle to aspirate cells) and\/or <strong>trephine biopsy<\/strong> (using a thicker needle to take a small piece of the bone with the marrow). <ul><li>For aspiration, the posterior superior iliac crest is used in adults (or sternum in obese patients) and femur in children.<\/li><li>In trephine biopsy, only the iliac crest is used in all cases.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>The sample is smeared\/put on a glass slide, stained, and fixed.<ul><li>For aspiration, Romanowsky and Perl&#8217;s Prussian blue stain is typically used<\/li><li>For trephine biopsy, H&amp;E and silver impregnations are typically used<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>Aspiration sample result takes 1-2 hours, and trephine biopsy result may take several days.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Investigations<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The gross appearance of the sample can be indicative of hypoplasia and bone marrow failure (in the case of pale bone marrow).<\/li><li>Microscopic investigations can give information about:<ul><li>Hyper\/hypoplasia and fibrotic changes<\/li><li>Homogeneity and proportion of blast cells<\/li><li>Dysplastic cells<\/li><li>Iron stores (Perl&#8217;s Prussian blue stain)<\/li><li>Presence of foreign cells (metastasis)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Further tests include immunohistologic staining (for trephine biopsy), flow cytometry and genetic analysis (for aspiration).<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Procedure<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Investigations<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Procedure The sampling can be through aspiration (using a thin needle to aspirate cells) and\/or trephine biopsy (using a thicker needle to take a small piece of the bone with the marrow). For aspiration, the posterior superior iliac crest is used in adults (or sternum in obese patients) and femur in children. In trephine biopsy, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5392,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5436","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bone marrow sampling &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/clinical\/internal-medicine\/hematology\/investigations\/bone-marrow-sampling\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/hematology\\\/investigations\\\/bone-marrow-sampling\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/clinical\\\/internal-medicine\\\/hematology\\\/investigations\\\/bone-marrow-sampling\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bone marrow sampling &#8211; 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