{"id":4120,"date":"2021-01-29T23:02:31","date_gmt":"2021-01-29T22:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/lower-limb\/thigh\/hip-joint\/"},"modified":"2021-02-09T19:55:14","modified_gmt":"2021-02-09T18:55:14","slug":"hip-joint","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/lower-limb\/thigh\/hip-joint\/","title":{"rendered":"Hip joint"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Connecting the pelvic girdle with the lower limb, the <strong>hip joint<\/strong> provides stability while allowing diverse movements in different directions. It consists of a synovial articulation formed by a ball and socket, where the <strong>head of the femur<\/strong> is the ball and the <strong>acetabulum of the pelvic bone<\/strong> is the socket.<\/p>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Movements.<\/h1>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hip joint includes <strong>multiaxial movements<\/strong>, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Flexion.<\/li><li>Extension.<\/li><li>Abduction.<\/li><li>Medial and lateral rotation.<\/li><li>Circumduction.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Articular surfaces.<\/h1>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hip joint consists of two articular surfaces: the <strong>head of the femur<\/strong> and the <strong>acetabulum<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The head of the femur.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Appearing as a semi-sphere, it is covered by thick articular cartilage, except for the <strong>fovea for the ligament of the head of the femur<\/strong>, which connects the two surfaces.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The acetabulum.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Appearing as a cup-like hemispherical hollow, it presents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An <strong>acetabular rim<\/strong>, formed by a cartilage-covered semilunar articular portion, the <strong>lunate surface of the acetabulum<\/strong>, and a peripheral fibrocartilaginous portion, the <strong>acetabular labrum<\/strong>.<\/li><li>The <strong>acetabular notch<\/strong> forms the missing portion of the articular circle, which is covered by the <strong>transverse acetabular ligament<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Additionally, the acetabulum presents a non-articular part, the <strong>acetabular fossa<\/strong>, covered by fatty tissue and a synovial membrane.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Joint capsule.<\/h1>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_6\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The fibrous capsule.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_6\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This joint is enclosed within a loose external <strong>fibrous capsule<\/strong>, attached to the peripheral portion of the acetabulum and to the femoral neck, in which some fibers form the <strong>orbicular zone<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_7\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The synovial membrane.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_7\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An internal <strong>synovial membrane<\/strong> covers both the internal surfaces of the fibrous capsule and the cartilage-free bone\u00b4s surfaces. This membrane provides space for blood vessels (<strong>retinacular arteries<\/strong>) to nourish all of the joint structures. The above-mentioned <strong>ligament of the head of the femur<\/strong> locates inside this membrane.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_8\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Ligaments.<\/h1>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_8\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some other thick fibers of the fibrous capsule connect the pelvis to the femur through the <strong>ligaments of the hip joint<\/strong>, maintaining its integrity and stability.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_9\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The iliofemoral ligament.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_9\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It goes from the <strong>anterior inferior iliac spine<\/strong> and <strong>acetabular rim<\/strong> to the <strong>intertrochanteric line<\/strong>, it is thought to be the strongest ligament of the human body, preventing the hyperextension of the joint.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The pubofemoral ligament.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_10\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It goes from the <strong>pubic bone\u00b4s obturator crest<\/strong> to the <strong>fibrous capsule<\/strong>, prevents the overabduction of the joint.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_11\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The ischiofemoral ligament.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_11\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It goes from the <strong>ischial part of the acetabulum<\/strong> to the <strong>femoral neck<\/strong>, it is the weakest of these ligaments.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_12\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">The ligament of the head of the femur.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_12\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formed by synovial folds, it goes from the <strong>fovea for the ligament of the head of the femur<\/strong> to the <strong>acetabular notch<\/strong> and <strong>transverse acetabular ligament<\/strong>. Regarding the stability of the joint, it does not have any relevance. It transports a small artery, the <strong>artery <\/strong><strong>of the head of the femur<\/strong>, which nourishes the femoral head.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_13\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Neurovasculature of the hip joint.<\/h1>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_13\">\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_14\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Vasculature.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_14\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hip joint is nourished by the <strong>medial<\/strong> and <strong>lateral circumflex femoral arteries<\/strong>, which origin the <strong>retinacular arteries<\/strong>, and the <strong>artery of the head of the femur<\/strong>, found in the ligament with the same name.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_15\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Innervation.<\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_15\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As per its innervation, the <strong>femoral nerve<\/strong> innervates anteriorly, the <strong>obturator nerve<\/strong> innervates inferiorly, the <strong>nerve to the quadratus femoris<\/strong> innervates posteriorly, and the <strong>superior gluteal nerve<\/strong> innervates superiorly.<\/p>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Movements.<\/h1><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Articular surfaces.<\/h1><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The head of the femur.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The acetabulum.<\/h2><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Joint capsule.<\/h1><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The fibrous capsule.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The synovial membrane.<\/h2><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ligaments.<\/h1><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The iliofemoral ligament.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The pubofemoral ligament.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ischiofemoral ligament.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ligament of the head of the femur.<\/h2><h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neurovasculature of the hip joint.<\/h1><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vasculature.<\/h2><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Innervation.<\/h2><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Connecting the pelvic girdle with the lower limb, the hip joint provides stability while allowing diverse movements in different directions. It consists of a synovial articulation formed by a ball and socket, where the head of the femur is the ball and the acetabulum of the pelvic bone is the socket. Movements. The hip joint [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3964,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4120","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hip joint &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/lower-limb\/thigh\/hip-joint\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/lower-limb\\\/thigh\\\/hip-joint\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/lower-limb\\\/thigh\\\/hip-joint\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hip joint &#8211; 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