Parts of the skeleton<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\nThe human skeleton can be split into 4 parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- The axial skeleton<\/strong>
- Formed by the bones of the midline of the body, including the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage.<\/li>
- It can be thought of as the main axis to which the rest of the skeleton attaches to.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The bones of the limbs<\/strong>
- Includes the bones of the arms, forearms, hands, thighs, legs, and feet.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The pectoral girdle<\/strong>
- Formed by the clavicle and scapula.<\/li>
- It connects the axial skeleton to the arms.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The pelvic girdle<\/strong>
- Formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx.<\/li>
- It connects the axial skeleton to the thighs.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/714px-Axial_skeleton_diagram_blank.svg1_-418x600.png\")
<\/a>The axial skeleton (in teal)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<\/span>\nTypes of bones<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\nThere are 5 different types of bones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Long bones<\/strong>
- Long bones are longer than they are wide, and they act as rigid levers.<\/li>
- These include the bones of the middle parts of the limbs, such as the bones of the arm and forearm, or the thigh and leg.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Short bones<\/strong>
- Short bones are nearly equal in their length and width.<\/li>
- They make up the carpal and tarsal bones (the bones of the wrist and ankle), allowing a wide range of movement.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Flat bones<\/strong>
- Flat bones function like plates of armor, protecting vulnerable tissues like the brain and viscera.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Irregular bones<\/strong>
- Irregular bones come in a variety of shapes and have bony projections used for the attachment of muscles, tendons, and ligaments.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Sesamoid bones<\/strong>
- Sesamoid bones are bones that are embedded within tendons.<\/li>
- The patella<\/strong> (kneecap) is a large sesamoid bone.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bone_types-560x600.png\")
<\/a>Types of bones<\/strong> (Credit: OpenStax, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<\/span>\nParts<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\nLong bones can be split into 5 parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Proximal epiphysis<\/li>
- Proximal metaphysis<\/li>
- Diaphysis<\/li>
- Distal metaphysis<\/li>
- Distal epiphysis<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
The two metaphyses contain the epiphyseal growth plates in growing children, which are responsible for the elongation of the bone during the growth period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Formed by the bones of the midline of the body, including the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage.<\/li>
- It can be thought of as the main axis to which the rest of the skeleton attaches to.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The bones of the limbs<\/strong>
- Includes the bones of the arms, forearms, hands, thighs, legs, and feet.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The pectoral girdle<\/strong>
- Formed by the clavicle and scapula.<\/li>
- It connects the axial skeleton to the arms.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- The pelvic girdle<\/strong>
- Formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx.<\/li>
- It connects the axial skeleton to the thighs.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<\/a>
The axial skeleton (in teal)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<\/span>\n Types of bones<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\n
There are 5 different types of bones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Long bones<\/strong>
- Long bones are longer than they are wide, and they act as rigid levers.<\/li>
- These include the bones of the middle parts of the limbs, such as the bones of the arm and forearm, or the thigh and leg.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Short bones<\/strong>
- Short bones are nearly equal in their length and width.<\/li>
- They make up the carpal and tarsal bones (the bones of the wrist and ankle), allowing a wide range of movement.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Flat bones<\/strong>
- Flat bones function like plates of armor, protecting vulnerable tissues like the brain and viscera.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Irregular bones<\/strong>
- Irregular bones come in a variety of shapes and have bony projections used for the attachment of muscles, tendons, and ligaments.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>
- Sesamoid bones<\/strong>
- Sesamoid bones are bones that are embedded within tendons.<\/li>
- The patella<\/strong> (kneecap) is a large sesamoid bone.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<\/a>
Types of bones<\/strong> (Credit: OpenStax, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<\/span>\n Parts<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\n
Long bones can be split into 5 parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Proximal epiphysis<\/li>
- Proximal metaphysis<\/li>
- Diaphysis<\/li>
- Distal metaphysis<\/li>
- Distal epiphysis<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
The two metaphyses contain the epiphyseal growth plates in growing children, which are responsible for the elongation of the bone during the growth period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Long bones<\/strong>
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/714px-Axial_skeleton_diagram_blank.svg1_.png\"){kind=spacer}
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