{"id":3232,"date":"2020-12-23T01:38:01","date_gmt":"2020-12-22T23:38:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/thorax\/neurovasculature\/innervation-introduction\/sympathetic-innervation\/"},"modified":"2021-10-03T18:56:09","modified_gmt":"2021-10-03T16:56:09","slug":"sympathetic-innervation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/thorax\/neurovasculature\/innervation-introduction\/sympathetic-innervation\/","title":{"rendered":"Sympathetic innervation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"intro\">The sympathetic trunks, as well as their ganglia and nerves, are related to the autonomic nervous system (ANS).<\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Sympathetic trunk<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The sympathetic trunk are sympathetic nerve fibers extending all throughout the vertebral column.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>They receive innervation from <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Inferior cervical ganglion<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Located at the height of the C7 vertebra<\/li><li>In most cases, it is fused with the first to the second&nbsp;thoracic paravertebral sympathetic trunk and then it is referred to as&nbsp;the&nbsp;<strong>stellate\/cervicothoracic ganglion<\/strong><\/li><li>The inferior cervical ganglion sends&nbsp;<strong>postsynaptic fibers<\/strong>&nbsp;to the heart via the&nbsp;<strong>inferior cervical cardiac nerve<\/strong>, also called&nbsp;<strong>cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerve<\/strong>, which passes along the trachea to the deep&nbsp;<em>c<\/em>ardiac plexus<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Lower thoracic splanchnic nerves<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The following nerves are collectively known as the&nbsp;<strong>lower thoracic splanchnic nerves<\/strong>:<ul><li><strong>Greater&nbsp;<\/strong>(arising&nbsp;from T5-T9&nbsp;or&nbsp;T10)&nbsp;<strong>splanchnic nerve<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Lesser&nbsp;<\/strong>(arises T10-T11)&nbsp;<strong>splanchnic nerve<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Least&nbsp;<\/strong>(T12)&nbsp;<strong>splanchnic nerve<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>The fibers of the lower thoracic splanchnic nerves consist of&nbsp;<strong>presynaptic fibers<\/strong>&nbsp;from the&nbsp;<strong>5th through the 12th&nbsp;lumbar sympathetic ganglia&nbsp;<\/strong>(each splanchnic nerve has its own fibers, as shown above)<\/li><li>These nerves pass through the diaphragm and synapse in the abdomen in sympathetic ganglia<\/li><li>The lower thoracic splanchnic nerves are part of the&nbsp;<strong>abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves<\/strong>&nbsp;as they innervate many structures of the abdominal viscera.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sympathetic trunk<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inferior cervical ganglion<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lower thoracic splanchnic nerves<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sympathetic trunk The sympathetic trunk are sympathetic nerve fibers extending all throughout the vertebral column. They receive innervation from Inferior cervical ganglion Located at the height of the C7 vertebra In most cases, it is fused with the first to the second&nbsp;thoracic paravertebral sympathetic trunk and then it is referred to as&nbsp;the&nbsp;stellate\/cervicothoracic ganglion The inferior [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1776,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3232","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sympathetic innervation &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/thorax\/neurovasculature\/innervation-introduction\/sympathetic-innervation\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/thorax\\\/neurovasculature\\\/innervation-introduction\\\/sympathetic-innervation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/thorax\\\/neurovasculature\\\/innervation-introduction\\\/sympathetic-innervation\\\/\",\"name\":\"Sympathetic innervation &#8211; 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