{"id":2387,"date":"2020-09-21T13:19:21","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:19:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/biochemistry\/cell-proliferation-and-apoptosis\/phosphorylation-and-proteolytic-regulation-of-cell-cycle-function\/"},"modified":"2020-09-21T13:20:25","modified_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:20:25","slug":"phosphorylation-and-proteolytic-regulation-of-cell-cycle-function","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/biochemistry\/biochemistry-of-the-tissues\/cell-proliferation-and-apoptosis\/phosphorylation-and-proteolytic-regulation-of-cell-cycle-function\/","title":{"rendered":"Phosphorylation and proteolytic regulation of cell cycle function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Phosphorylation and proteolytic regulation of cell cycle function (Figure 1)<\/strong><br>MAP kinase phosphorylation in the RAS-RAF pathway responsible for cell cycle initiation is essential (see\u00a0Cyclin D synthesis)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Phosphorylation is an extremely important regulatory mechanism for cyclin-dependent kinases that determine cell cycle function<\/li><li>In order for a CDK to be fully activated, it requires phosphorylation on the threonine residues, which is accomplished by the CAK enzyme.<\/li><li>At the same time, the activity of cyclin-CDK complexes is inhibited by phosphorylation: THR, TYR side chains near the N-terminus, their dephosphorylation is performed by cdc25 phosphatase.<\/li><li>Proteolysis regulates CDK activity by breaking down CDK-activating cyclins or inhibitors CKI, that inhibit CDK, thereby initiating the transition from metaphase to anaphase.<\/li><li>It is irreversible, so it gives decisive direction to certain processes.<\/li><li>Examples: Proteolysis that requires CDC34 helps to initiate DNA replication by inhibitor degradation, similar to that of mitotic CDK1.<\/li><li>In anaphase, proteolysis helps to exit mitosis by breaking down mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitors.<\/li><li>An important part of phosphorylation regulation is the relationship between the retinoblastoma protein and E2F.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cisbio.eu\/media\/asset\/p\/h\/phospho-pathway-rb-phopsho-s807-811-63adk105peg-63adk105peh-63adk105pey.svg\" alt=\"Illustration of the Retinoblastoma protein in the cell-division cycle\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Figure 1. The cell cycle representation<\/strong>\u00a0(with permission from\u00a0CISBIO)<\/p>\n<div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phosphorylation and proteolytic regulation of cell cycle function (Figure 1)MAP kinase phosphorylation in the RAS-RAF pathway responsible for cell cycle initiation is essential (see\u00a0Cyclin D synthesis) Phosphorylation is an extremely important regulatory mechanism for cyclin-dependent kinases that determine cell cycle function In order for a CDK to be fully activated, it requires phosphorylation on the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2333,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2387","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ 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