{"id":1732,"date":"2020-08-14T17:32:47","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T17:32:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/biochemistry\/biochemistry-of-the-metabolism\/carbohydrate-metabolism\/regulation-of-glycogen-synthesis-degradation\/"},"modified":"2021-10-13T22:14:37","modified_gmt":"2021-10-13T20:14:37","slug":"regulation-of-glycogen-synthesis-degradation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/biochemistry\/biochemistry-of-the-metabolism\/carbohydrate-metabolism\/regulation-of-glycogen-synthesis-degradation\/","title":{"rendered":"Regulation of glycogen synthesis & degradation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The regulation of the synthesis\/degradation done by allosteric and hormonal aspects <\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Description<\/h2>\n<\/span>\n\n\n

There are two key enzymes regulating the process of synthesis\/degradation of glycogen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Glycogen synthase<\/strong><\/li>
  2. Glycogen phosphorylase<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Both enzymes have an active and inactive form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kinases<\/strong>\u00a0are going to phosphorylate them (adding a phosphate), and\u00a0phosphatases<\/strong>\u00a0are going to dephosphorylate them (removing a phosphate).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span>\n

    Glycogen synthase<\/h2>\n<\/span>\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/a>
    Figure 1. Regulation of Glycogen synthase<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Glycogen synthase is a dimer<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    When it is\u00a0phosphorylated<\/strong>, it is\u00a0inactive, <\/strong>so the\u00a0kinases\u00a0are the enzymes that are capable to switch off the glycogen synthase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    If\u00a0phosphatases<\/strong>\u00a0are removing the phosphate group, it gets\u00a0activated<\/strong>\u00a0and starts the glycogen synthesis from glucose-1-P-UDP (Figure 1<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span>\n

    Glycogen phosphorylase<\/h2>\n<\/span>\n\n\n

    In the human body we have two types of glycogen phosphorylase (Figure 2<\/strong>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n