{"id":1670,"date":"2020-08-14T11:44:05","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T11:44:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/organs-and-systems\/female-reproductive-system\/vagina\/"},"modified":"2021-11-27T15:31:44","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T13:31:44","slug":"vagina","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/organs-and-systems\/female-reproductive-system\/vagina\/","title":{"rendered":"Vagina"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"intro\">The vagina is a 7-9cm long, collapsed, musculomembraneous tube serving as a labor canal, a passage for menstrual fluid, and recipient of copulation.<\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_15170\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/female_internal_genitalia.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Vagina\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/female_internal_genitalia-600x554.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15170\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Female reproductive organs<\/strong>&nbsp;(Credit: Cancer Research UK,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Description<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The vagina extends from the vestibule to the cervix (cervical canal). The vaginal opening is covered by a mucosal membrane known as the&nbsp;<strong>hymen<\/strong>. It is frequently absent or damaged, even in non-sexually active females.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"pure-table\"><thead><tr><th>Position<\/th><th>Structure<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Anterior<\/td><td>Bladder and urethra<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Posterior<\/td><td>Rectum<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lateral<\/td><td>Levator ani muscle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Superior<\/td><td>Cervix<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption><strong>Table 1. The boundaries of the vagina.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Parts<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The vagina can be split into three parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Vestible<\/strong>&nbsp;(or&nbsp;<strong>introitus<\/strong>). The opening of the vagina, located between the labia minora, and covered by the hymen.<\/li><li><strong>Vaginal canal<\/strong>. The part connecting the vestibule to the cervix, responsible for passing contents in and out of the uterus, and accepting and expanding during intercorse.<ul><li>The&nbsp;<strong>vaginal vault<\/strong>&nbsp;is the enlarged part of the vaginal canal, located at its end (close to the external os of the cervix).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Fornix<\/strong>. The fold formed between the edge of the cervix, and the vaginal wall<ul><li>The fornix is usually divided to the anterior, posterior (largest portion), and lateral parts.<\/li><li>The posterior fornix (facing the rectum) is the deepest.<\/li><li>The wall of the posterior fornix is the only part of the vagina covered by peritoneum (infraperitoneal).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_15176\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/female-pelvis.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Vagina\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/female-pelvis-594x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15176\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Demonstration of the vagina (light blue) and nearby structures and ligaments<\/strong>&nbsp;(Credit: Prof. Peter Petros,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Muscles<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The vagina itself is partially made out of muscular tissue; in addition, there are 4 muscles surrounding and supporting it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pubovaginalis<\/li><li>External urethral sphincter<\/li><li>Ureterovaginal sphincter<\/li><li>Bulbospongiosus<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Neurovasculature<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"pure-table\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Blood supply<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Branches of the internal iliac artery:<\/span><br>Branches of the&nbsp;<strong>uterine artery<\/strong>&nbsp;(upper portion)<br><strong>Vaginal artery<\/strong>&nbsp;(middle portion)<br>Branches of the&nbsp;<strong>internal pudendal artery<\/strong>&nbsp;(bottom portion, vestibule)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Venous drainage<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Uterine vaginal venous plexus<\/strong>, which is continuous with the uterine venous plexus \u2014 draining to the internal iliac vein<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Innervation<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Inferior hypogastric<\/strong>, and somatic innervation for the lower part from the<strong>&nbsp;deep perineal nerve<\/strong>&nbsp;(a branch of the internal pudendal nerve)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Lymphatic drainage<\/strong><\/td><td>External (upper and lower vagina) and common iliac (middle vagina) nodes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption><strong>Table 2. Neurovasculature of the vagina<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Description<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parts<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Muscles<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neurovasculature<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Description The vagina extends from the vestibule to the cervix (cervical canal). The vaginal opening is covered by a mucosal membrane known as the&nbsp;hymen. It is frequently absent or damaged, even in non-sexually active females. Position Structure Anterior Bladder and urethra Posterior Rectum Lateral Levator ani muscle Superior Cervix Table 1. The boundaries of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1656,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1670","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vagina &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/organs-and-systems\/female-reproductive-system\/vagina\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/abdomen-and-pelvis\\\/organs-and-systems\\\/female-reproductive-system\\\/vagina\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/abdomen-and-pelvis\\\/organs-and-systems\\\/female-reproductive-system\\\/vagina\\\/\",\"name\":\"Vagina &#8211; 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