{"id":1623,"date":"2020-08-14T11:29:31","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T11:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/vasculature-and-lymphatics\/venous-drainage\/"},"modified":"2020-08-14T11:48:22","modified_gmt":"2020-08-14T11:48:22","slug":"venous-drainage","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/vasculature-and-lymphatics\/venous-drainage\/","title":{"rendered":"Venous drainage"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Inferior vena cava<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The inferior vena cava drains blood to the heart from all of the structures located below the diaphragm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Forms from the union of the two&nbsp;<strong>common iliac veins<\/strong>&nbsp;on the right side at the level of lumbar vertebra L5<\/li><li>Courses through the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/course\/anatomy-abdomen-and-pelvis\/lessons\/posterior-abdominal-wall-muscles\/\">posterior abdominal region<\/a>&nbsp;on the right side, in parallel to the abdominal aorta (the aorta is located to its left)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Tributes<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generally, only paired veins will end up in the inferior vena cava (think paired organs and structures, i.e. the kidneys, gonads, muscles and abdominal wall, but also the liver):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Common iliac arteries<\/strong><ul><li>Form the inferior vena cava<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Lumbar veins<\/strong><ul><li>1st-2nd lumbar vein may drain to the ascending lumbar vein, which will generally end up in the azygos-hemiazygos system of the thorax, forming an anastomosis<\/li><li><strong>3rd-4th<\/strong>&nbsp;will drain directly to the IVC<\/li><li>5th will drain to the iliolumbar vein which ends up in the common iliac vein<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Right gonadal vein<\/strong><ul><li>The left will join the left renal vein, although it is highly variable between individuals<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Renal veins<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Right suprarenal vein<\/strong><ul><li>The left will join the left renal vein; but again, it is highly variable<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Inferior phrenic veins<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Hepatic veins<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_19292\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/ivc-aorta-anatomy.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Venous drainage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/ivc-aorta-anatomy-600x450.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19292\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Gross anatomy of the inferior abdominal region displaying the IVC and the abdominal aorta<\/strong>&nbsp;(Credit: Anatomist90,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Clinical correlation<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Inferior vena cava syndrome<\/strong>&nbsp;occurs when the IVC becomes obstructed (for example, because of a tumor).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The blood flow will be channeled through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/course\/anatomy-abdomen-and-pelvis\/lessons\/caval-caval-and-porta-caval-anastomoses\/\">caval-caval anastomoses<\/a>&nbsp;to maintain the circulation (mainly the&nbsp;<strong>ascending lumbar veins<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Portal vein<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The portal vein is formed by the union of the&nbsp;<strong>superior &amp; inferior mesenteric veins<\/strong>, and the<strong>&nbsp;splenic vein<\/strong>, ending up in the liver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It drains blood from all of the unpaired visceral organs, and more specifically the distal 1\/3 of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and proximal 2\/3 of the rectum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The liver is the terminal point of the portal vein, where it forms a&nbsp;<strong>portal system&nbsp;<\/strong>(a vessel breaking down to capillaries, and then reassembling to form a vessel once again)<\/li><li>After forming the portal system within the liver, it ends up in the inferior vena cava via the&nbsp;<strong>hepatic veins&nbsp;<\/strong>(usually 3)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Clinical correlation<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Portal hypertension<\/strong>&nbsp;is a condition characterized by increased pressure within the portal vein due to the congestion of blood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The blood flow will be channeled through&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/course\/anatomy-abdomen-and-pelvis\/lessons\/caval-caval-and-porta-caval-anastomoses\/\">porto-caval anastomoses<\/a>&nbsp;to maintain the circulation.<\/p>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inferior vena cava<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tributes<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical correlation<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Portal vein<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical correlation<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inferior vena cava The inferior vena cava drains blood to the heart from all of the structures located below the diaphragm. Forms from the union of the two&nbsp;common iliac veins&nbsp;on the right side at the level of lumbar vertebra L5 Courses through the&nbsp;posterior abdominal region&nbsp;on the right side, in parallel to the abdominal aorta (the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1620,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1623","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Venous drainage &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/vasculature-and-lymphatics\/venous-drainage\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/abdomen-and-pelvis\\\/vasculature-and-lymphatics\\\/venous-drainage\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/anatomy\\\/abdomen-and-pelvis\\\/vasculature-and-lymphatics\\\/venous-drainage\\\/\",\"name\":\"Venous drainage &#8211; 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