{"id":1617,"date":"2020-08-14T11:27:31","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T11:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/musculoskeletal-system\/pelvic-bones\/"},"modified":"2021-01-22T16:47:26","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T15:47:26","slug":"pelvic-bones","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/musculoskeletal-system\/pelvic-bones\/","title":{"rendered":"Pelvic bones"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"intro\">The bony pelvis consists of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Two hip bones<\/li><li>Sacrum<\/li><li>Coccyx<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_14964\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/bony_pelvis.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Pelvic bones\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/bony_pelvis-600x408.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14964\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Bony pelvis<\/strong>&nbsp;(Credit: OpenStax,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Functions<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Stabilization and the support of the center of gravity<\/li><li>Protection and housing of soft organs<\/li><li>Attachment point of muscles and ligaments<\/li><li>In females, the pelvic outlet allows child delivery<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Hip bone<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The paired hip-bone can be divided into three parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ischium<\/li><li>Ilium<\/li><li>Pubis<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These three parts are separated bones at birth, and fuse by adulthood to form a single hip bone, by the fusion of triradiate cartilage at a common point \u2013 the&nbsp;<strong>acetabulum<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_14969\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/right_hip_bone.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Pelvic bones\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/right_hip_bone-600x461.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14969\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Right hip bone<\/strong>&nbsp;(OpenStax,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">The anatomical position of the bony pelvis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>ASIS and pubic tubercle are at the same vertical plane<\/li><li>Tip of the coccyx and pubic symphysis at the same horizontal plane<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Pelvic inlet<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formed by linea terminalis \u2014 arcuate line, pectineal line, promontory posteriorly and pubic crest anteriorly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The measurements of the pelvic inlet are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Transversely<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 13cm<\/li><li><strong>True conjugate<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 11cm<\/li><li><strong>Anteroposterior<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 12cm<\/li><li><strong>Oblique<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 12.5cm<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Pelvic outlet<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Formed by the tip of the coccyx, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, pubic symphysis. Closed by pelvic and urogenital diaphragms.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_6\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">False pelvis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_6\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The expanded portion of the pelvis above the pelvic bream (pelvic inlet), bound by the wings of the iliac bones.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_7\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">True pelvis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_7\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Between the pelvic inlet and outlet.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_8\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Differences between males and female<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_8\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compared to the male pelvis, the female pelvis is proportional to their smaller bodies, but remember that they must deliver a child \u2014 therefore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Smaller with lighter bones<\/li><li>Has a wider subpubic angle<\/li><li>Has a larger pelvic outlet<\/li><li>The greater sciatic notch is wider<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_9\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Joints<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_9\">\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Lumbosacral joint<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 L5 to base of the sacrum (S1)<\/li><li><strong>Sacroiliac joint<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Synovial, plane type<\/li><li><strong>Sacrococcygeal<\/strong>&nbsp;joint<\/li><li><strong>Pubic symphysis<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Fibrocartilangeous (secondary)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_10\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Major ligaments<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_10\">\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Sacrotuberous ligament<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Inferior border of lesser sciatic foramen<\/li><li><strong>Sacrospinous ligament<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Forms the lesser and greater sciatic foramina<\/li><li><strong>Sacroiliac ligament<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 The strongest ligament in the human body<\/li><li><strong>Iliolumbar ligament<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Anterior &amp; posterior sacroiliac ligaments<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_18250\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pelvis-ligaments.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Pelvic bones\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pelvis-ligaments-600x473.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18250\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Pelvis and pelvic ligaments (anterior view)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"attachment_18253\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pelvis-posterior.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Pelvic bones\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pelvis-posterior-479x600.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18253\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Pelvis and pelvic ligaments (posterior view)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_11\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\"><strong>Foramina<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_11\">\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_12\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Greater sciatic foramen<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_12\">\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_13\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Borders<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_13\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Superoanterior<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Greater sciatic notch<\/li><li><strong>Posterior<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Sacrotuberal ligament<\/li><li><strong>Inferior<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 Sacrospinal ligament<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The greater sciatic foramen is split by the piriformis muscle to&nbsp;<strong>suprapiriform<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>infrapiriform foramina<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_14\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Suprapiriform foramen<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_14\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An opening above the piriformis muscle through which the gluteal vessels and the superior gluteal artery, vein, and nerve pass out of the pelvis.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_15\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title3\">Infrapiriform foramen<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_15\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bound by the&nbsp;<strong>piriformis muscle<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>greater sciatic notch<\/strong>,<strong>&nbsp;sacrotuberous ligament<\/strong>&nbsp;and the<strong>&nbsp;sacrospinous ligament<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Structures passing through the infrapiriform hiatus:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sciatic nerve<\/li><li>Nerve to quadratus femoris<\/li><li>Inferior gluteal artery, vein, and nerve<\/li><li>Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve<\/li><li>Nerve to obturator internus<\/li><li>Internal pudendal artery, vein and nerve<\/li><li>Pudendal nerve<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mnemonic&nbsp;<\/strong>\u2014&nbsp;<strong>SNIP NIP<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_16\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Lesser sciatic foramen<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_16\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Located between the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Structures passing through it begin in the infrapiriform hiatus, and then continue to the&nbsp;<strong>pudendal canal&nbsp;<\/strong>(except&nbsp;the tendon of obturator internus):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nerve to obturator internus<\/li><li>Internal pudendal artery, vein and nerve<\/li><li>Pudendal nerve<\/li><li>Tendon of obturator inernus (does not continue to pudendal canal)<\/li><\/ol>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Functions<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hip bone<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The anatomical position of the bony pelvis<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pelvic inlet<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pelvic outlet<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">False pelvis<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">True pelvis<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Differences between males and female<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Joints<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Major ligaments<\/h4><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Foramina<\/strong><\/h2><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Greater sciatic foramen<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Borders<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Suprapiriform foramen<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Infrapiriform foramen<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lesser sciatic foramen<\/h3><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Functions Stabilization and the support of the center of gravity Protection and housing of soft organs Attachment point of muscles and ligaments In females, the pelvic outlet allows child delivery Hip bone The paired hip-bone can be divided into three parts: Ischium Ilium Pubis These three parts are separated bones at birth, and fuse by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1615,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1617","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pelvic bones &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/anatomy\/abdomen-and-pelvis\/musculoskeletal-system\/pelvic-bones\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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