{"id":1505,"date":"2020-08-07T01:13:12","date_gmt":"2020-08-07T01:13:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/oncogenetics\/cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer\/"},"modified":"2021-01-31T23:47:16","modified_gmt":"2021-01-31T22:47:16","slug":"cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/oncogenetics\/cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Cytogenetic changes in cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em>Details and background of Cytogenetics and Cytogenetic changes are discussed in the Medical Genetics I course<\/em><\/li><li><div class=\"intro\">Types of cytogenetic changes that can occur in cancer are <strong>aneuploidy<\/strong> and <strong>aneusomy<\/strong>. They are caused by random aberrations and\/or occasional abnormality due to failure of cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair systems.<\/div><\/li><li>Notable mentions of <strong>translocations<\/strong> in certain leukaemias are listed below;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>In <strong>Chronic Myeloid Leukemia(CML)<\/strong>, the ABL gene on chromosome 9 fuses with the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and this leads to a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. This new chromosome formed is also known as the <strong>Philadelphia Chromosome<\/strong>.<\/li><li>In <strong>Burkitt Lymphoma,<\/strong> chromosome 8 fuses with chromosome 14 and this leads to over-activation of the myc gene (myc is a transcription factor that positively regulates the cell cycle).<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1279px-Burkitts_lymphoma_illustration.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Cytogenetic changes in cancer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1279px-Burkitts_lymphoma_illustration-600x480.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-27005\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Cytogenetic change in Burkitt&#8217;s lymphoma<\/strong>(Credit: National Cancer Institute)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <strong>B cell Lymphoma<\/strong>, chromosome 14 fuses with chromosome 18 and this leads to over-expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Over-expression of this protein prevents apoptosis of mutated B cells.<\/p>\n<div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Details and background of Cytogenetics and Cytogenetic changes are discussed in the Medical Genetics I course Notable mentions of translocations in certain leukaemias are listed below; In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia(CML), the ABL gene on chromosome 9 fuses with the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and this leads to a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. This new [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1451,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1505","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cytogenetic changes in cancer &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/oncogenetics\/cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/medical-genetics\\\/oncogenetics\\\/cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/medical-genetics\\\/oncogenetics\\\/cytogenetic-changes-in-cancer\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cytogenetic changes in cancer &#8211; 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