{"id":1368,"date":"2020-08-06T22:38:15","date_gmt":"2020-08-06T22:38:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/cell-cycle\/mitosis\/"},"modified":"2021-01-31T22:04:58","modified_gmt":"2021-01-31T21:04:58","slug":"mitosis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/cell-cycle\/mitosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Mitosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_1\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Basics of Mitosis<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_1\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"intro\">Mitosis is the phase of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two daughter nuclei. It occurs in somatic cells and gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the number of chromosomes is maintained. The resulting daughter cells are <strong>diploid<\/strong> (<strong>2n<\/strong>).<\/div><\/p>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_2\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">Stages of Mitosis<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mitosis is divided into 5 stages<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Prophase<\/li><li>Prometaphase<\/li><li>Metaphase<\/li><li>Anaphase<\/li><li>Telophase<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_3\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Prophase<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_3\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The diffuse, non-visible interphase chromosome condenses into visible chromosomes with 2 sister chromatids (from the S phase replication) joined together at the centromere.<\/li><li>Mitotic spindles start to form.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_4\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Prometaphase<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_4\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Disruption of the nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus.<\/li><li>Kinetochores on both sides of the centromere start to appear<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_5\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Metaphase<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_5\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>kinetochore microtubules align the chromosomes (with 2 sister chromatids)at the center of the cell at the metaphase plate<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_6\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Anaphase<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_6\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Due to a cyclin-CDK signal, the kinetochores separate thereby moving the daughter chromatids(formerly sister chromatids) to opposite sides of the cell.<\/li><li>The moving to opposite sides of the cell is done by shortening of kinetochore microtubules and elongation of polar microtubules<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_7\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title2\">Telophase<\/h4>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_7\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Daughter chromatids (now called daughter chromosomes) are at opposite sides of the cell and the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of the 46 chromosomes.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/2361px-Mitosis_Stages.svg1_.png\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Mitosis\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/2361px-Mitosis_Stages.svg1_-600x104.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-24481\"\/><\/a><figcaption><strong>Stages of Mitosis<\/strong> (Credit: Ali Zifan, CC BY-SA 4.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<\/span><span class=\"block-heading\" id=\"header_8\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"title_collection title1\">What comes after mitosis?<\/h3>\n<\/span><span class=\"block-content\" id=\"contents_8\">\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Cytokinesis<\/strong> in which the cytoplasm of the cell divides by the formation of a cleavage furrow(actin ring) that deepens till it separates the daughter cells.<\/li><li>After cytokinesis, the cell can go back to the <strong>G1<\/strong> phase for another round of cell division, or into the <strong>G0<\/strong> phase which is a resting phase of no cell division.<\/li><li>The number of chromosomes in mitosis stays the same so it is used for the conservation of the number of chromosomes (46). It results in 2 genetically identical daughter cells with 46 number of chromosomes each.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/span><div id=\"the_titles\" style=\"display:none;\"><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Basics of Mitosis<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stages of Mitosis<\/h3><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prophase<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prometaphase<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Metaphase<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Anaphase<\/h4><h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Telophase<\/h4><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What comes after mitosis?<\/h3><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basics of Mitosis Stages of Mitosis Mitosis is divided into 5 stages Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Prophase The diffuse, non-visible interphase chromosome condenses into visible chromosomes with 2 sister chromatids (from the S phase replication) joined together at the centromere. Mitotic spindles start to form. Prometaphase Disruption of the nuclear membrane that surrounds the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1344,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1368","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mitosis &#8211; Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/cell-cycle\/mitosis\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/medical-genetics\\\/cell-cycle\\\/mitosis\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/meddists.com\\\/learn\\\/pre-clinical\\\/medical-genetics\\\/cell-cycle\\\/mitosis\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mitosis &#8211; 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