{"id":1360,"date":"2020-08-06T22:28:40","date_gmt":"2020-08-06T22:28:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/theory-questions-and-answers\/theory-questions-and-answers-iii\/"},"modified":"2021-02-28T07:30:15","modified_gmt":"2021-02-28T06:30:15","slug":"theory-questions-and-answers-iii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/theory-questions-and-answers\/theory-questions-and-answers-iii\/","title":{"rendered":"Theory Questions and Answers III"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Questions<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\n

Scroll down for answers!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Difference between telomere and centromere. What type of Chromatin are they?\u00a0<\/li>
  2. Difference between chimerism and mosaicism.\u00a0<\/li>
  3. What’s the role of colchicine and phytohemagglutinin in metaphase spread?<\/li>
  4. Explain the principles of the histone code.<\/li>
  5. Compare cis vs trans-regulatory sequences.<\/li>
  6. A woman has triple X syndrome. What is the probability of having a child with Klinefelter syndrome?<\/li>
  7. What is the function of the Xist gene and why is it important?<\/li>
  8. How and what time can one carry out the prenatal diagnosis?<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n<\/span>\n

    Answers<\/h4>\n<\/span>\n\n\n
    1. The telomere is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighbouring chromosomes while the centromere is the specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids (a dyad). They are both examples of constitutive heterochromatin.\u00a0<\/li>
    2. Chimerism is when an organism has two different cell lines from two different zygotes while mosaicism is when an organism has two different cells lines from the same zygote. Mosaicism is a result of mitotic non-disjunction.<\/li>
    3. Colchicine is used to block dividing cells in metaphase by inhibiting the mitotic microtubules. Phytohemagglutinine is used to initiate the cell cycle in resting cells by pushing the cell from the G0 phase to the G1 phase. <\/li>
    4. The histone code is a hypothesis that the transcription of genetic information encoded in DNA is in part regulated by chemical modifications to histone proteins, primarily on their unstructured ends. Such chemical modifications include acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitinylation.<\/li>
    5. Cis-regulatory sequences are regions of DNA or RNA that regulate the expression of genes located on that part of the DNA. Examples are\u00a0 Promoter(TATA box), enhancer, silencer, etc. Trans regulatory sequences are regulatory factors that are not present on the DNA or RNA but are associated with it. Examples are transcription factors, transcriptional activator or repressor proteins, etc<\/li>
    6. The probability is 25%. Assuming that the father will give the Y chromosome, the probability will become 50%<\/li>
    7. The Xist gene(present on the Xic of the X chromosome) produces the Xist RNA. It is important because the Xist RNA helps to inactivate the X chromosome if there is more than one copy present in the cell. It forms the Barr body<\/li>
    8. By Chronic Villus Sampling(weeks 9-10) and Amniocentesis(from week 16)<\/li><\/ol>\n<\/span>

      Questions<\/h4>

      Answers<\/h4><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Questions Scroll down for answers! Difference between telomere and centromere. What type of Chromatin are they?\u00a0 Difference between chimerism and mosaicism.\u00a0 What’s the role of colchicine and phytohemagglutinin in metaphase spread? Explain the principles of the histone code. Compare cis vs trans-regulatory sequences. A woman has triple X syndrome. What is the probability of having […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1357,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1360","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nTheory Questions and Answers III – Meddists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/meddists.com\/learn\/pre-clinical\/medical-genetics\/theory-questions-and-answers\/theory-questions-and-answers-iii\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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