The genetic code is basically the part of the nucleotide pack to translate the information from the genetic material (DNA sequences) into the late protein and mRNA.

The “genetic code” is what determines the late protein’s amino acid sequence.

Central dogma

Central dogma is a principle where we are talking about the transition of the information from the DNA to the RNA, and from the RNA to the translated protein.

The dogma itself includes two major processes (Figure 1):

  1. Transcription (happens in the nucleus)
  2. Translation (happens in the cytosol)

The transcription and the translation altogether called "protein synthesis" also which is different in the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes.

Figure 1. Central dogma involving the transcription and translation processes

The genetic code - codon vs. anticodon

The genetic code of an amino acid consist of three nucleotides. The genetic code library consists of 64 triplet codons (A, G, C, U) 43= 64. In eukaryotes multiple codons are there for a single amino acid. To produce the 20 amino acid in eukaryotes, we need a flexible system, which is supported by the multiple chances and variability by the codons.

Codon sequence is recognized by the anticodons, which can be found on the transfer RNA (tRNA). The recognition process called "translation" and happens in the cytosol by the help of transfer RNAs. Every amino acid has

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