Special forms of diabetes mellitus and their treatment. Gestational diabetes mellitus

Special forms of diabetes

• 98% of DM patients suffer from either type 1 or 2 DM.
• The rest, suffer from rare forms of diabetes:
  • Monogenic diabetes (previously known as mature onset diabetes of the young or MODY)
  • Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes
  • Diabetes caused by rare syndromes
    • Wolfram syndrome (T1-like DM, diabetes insipidus, vision disorders, deafness, renal disease).
    • Alström syndrome (T2DM, obesity, cardiomyopathy, skeletomuscular disorders, vision disorders, deafness, renal disease).

Monogenic diabetes

Monogenic diabetes occurs due to autosomal dominant defects, resulting in hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion or glucose handling.

• No insulin resistance
• No pancreatic beta cell destruction
• Appear before the

Special forms of diabetes

Monogenic diabetes

Cystic-fibrosis related diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Diagnosis

Treatment

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