Atrial tachycardia
- Presents as narrow-complex tachycardia (>100BPM), usually due to increased automaticity.
- It can arise from a single focus (focal atrial tachycardia) or multiple foci (multifocal atrial tachycardia).
- Focal atrial tachycardia
- Can be paroxysmal (short) or sustained (long-term).
- Appears in patients with digoxin toxicity, congenital abnormalities, alcohol or stimulant usage, and ischemia.
- P-waves are consistant in morphology.
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
- Appears in patients with respiratory failure.
- P-waves show different morphologies. The rhythm is irregularly irregular (chaotic).
- The AV node blocks rates higher than 200/min, resembling 2nd degree AV block; however, this is a normal feature of the AV node and not a pathological AV block.
Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter is a type of atrial tachycardia in which there's a macro-reentry circuit within the atrium, characterized by a regular "saw-tooth" pattern.
- Atrial rate is ~300/min, and the ventricular