Chronic heart failure (symptoms, diagnostic, treatment)

Heart failure is a syndrome in which the heart cannot meet the body's circulatory demands under physiological conditions.

• Chronic heart failure is a progressive syndrome which can take years to manifest.
• It can be described based on the ejection fraction:
  • Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) means that the EF>50%
    • Dyastolid dysfunction; HTN leading to hypertrophy, valvular disease (mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis/regurgitation), restrictive cardiomyopathy.
  • Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) means that the EF<40%
    • Systolic dysfunction; due to acute MI, HTN, valvular disease (mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis/regurgitation), myocarditis.
  • A

Classification

Symptoms

Diagnosis

Treatment

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